Neurometabolic coupling

Definition: The neurovascular and neurometabolic (NMC) couplings connect cerebral activity, blood flow, and metabolism. This interconnection is used for instance in fMRI and fNIRS. The mechanisms underlying the NVC are complex. Astrocytes adjust energy production to neuronal energy needs through different mechanisms grouped under the term “neurometabolic coupling” (NMC). These mechanisms of coupling are particularly important to ensure normal synaptic functioning when neurons undergo rapid and repetitive changes in the firing rate. Investigations into brain energy metabolism have been mainly focused on glucose consumption, lactate production and glycogen metabolism. Lactate is transferred from astrocytes to neurons to match the neuronal energetic needs, and to provide signals that modulate neuronal functions, including excitability, plasticity and memory consolidation. Consequently, neurons and astrocytes show tight metabolic coupling.

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References: https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.13143

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